English for Human Resources

60 essential expressions in Human Resources, covering recruitment, performance, training, compensation, and employee relations.

Recruitment and Hiring

1. Job Description
Definition: A document outlining the responsibilities, requirements, and qualifications for a job.
Example: “The HR team created a detailed job description to attract qualified candidates.”

2. Applicant Tracking System (ATS)
Definition: Software used to manage the hiring process by tracking applicants.
Example: “We use an ATS to streamline candidate screening and selection.”

3. Candidate Pipeline
Definition: A pool of qualified candidates ready for potential future job openings.
Example: “Building a strong candidate pipeline is essential for rapid hiring.”

4. Onboarding
Definition: The process of integrating a new hire into the organization.
Example: “Effective onboarding helps new employees adapt and feel welcomed.”

5. Talent Acquisition
Definition: The process of identifying and acquiring skilled employees.
Example: “Talent acquisition is a priority for growing departments.”

6. Headcount
Definition: The total number of employees in an organization or department.
Example: “Our headcount increased by 10% this year due to expansion.”

7. Offer Letter
Definition: A formal document extending a job offer to a candidate.
Example: “The offer letter outlines the position, salary, and start date.”

8. Background Check
Definition: A screening process to verify a candidate’s history and qualifications.
Example: “All final candidates undergo a background check before hiring.”

9. Job Posting
Definition: An advertisement for an open position within a company.
Example: “The job posting was shared on various job boards and social media.”

10. Referral Program
Definition: A system encouraging employees to refer qualified candidates for open roles.
Example: “Our referral program offers bonuses for successful hires.”


Performance and Development

11. Performance Review
Definition: A periodic evaluation of an employee’s job performance.
Example: “During performance reviews, employees receive feedback on their work.”

12. Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
Definition: Metrics used to evaluate an employee’s or department’s performance.
Example: “Meeting KPIs is crucial for annual bonus eligibility.”

13. 360-Degree Feedback
Definition: A comprehensive feedback process involving multiple sources, such as peers, managers, and subordinates.
Example: “360-degree feedback provides a well-rounded view of an employee’s strengths.”

14. Goal Setting
Definition: Establishing specific targets for employees or teams to achieve.
Example: “Goal setting helps align personal and organizational objectives.”

15. Probation Period
Definition: An initial period during which a new hire’s performance is evaluated.
Example: “After the probation period, employees receive full benefits.”

16. Employee Development
Definition: Programs and activities to improve employees’ skills and knowledge.
Example: “Employee development is key to retaining talent.”

17. Succession Planning
Definition: Preparing employees to fill key roles when needed.
Example: “Succession planning ensures smooth transitions for critical positions.”

18. Career Pathing
Definition: Creating a roadmap for employee growth within the organization.
Example: “Career pathing helps employees visualize future opportunities.”

19. Skill Gap
Definition: The difference between the skills an employee has and those needed for a role.
Example: “Identifying skill gaps guides our training programs.”

20. Promotion
Definition: Advancing an employee to a higher position with more responsibility.
Example: “Promotions are based on performance and experience.”

Training and Development

21. Learning Management System (LMS)
Definition: Software used to deliver and track training programs.
Example: “Our LMS allows employees to access courses anytime.”

22. Cross-Training
Definition: Training employees in multiple job functions to increase versatility.
Example: “Cross-training helps maintain operations when staff are unavailable.”

23. Mentorship Program
Definition: A structured pairing of experienced mentors with newer employees.
Example: “Our mentorship program supports skill and career growth.”

24. Soft Skills
Definition: Non-technical skills like communication and teamwork that impact job performance.
Example: “Soft skills are critical for leadership roles.”

25. Hard Skills
Definition: Specific, teachable skills related to a job.
Example: “Coding is a hard skill required for the IT team.”

26. Upskilling
Definition: Training employees to improve their current skills.
Example: “We focus on upskilling our workforce to stay competitive.”

27. Reskilling
Definition: Training employees in new skills for different roles.
Example: “Reskilling is essential when departments shift focus.”

28. Compliance Training
Definition: Training focused on legal and ethical requirements.
Example: “Compliance training is mandatory for all new hires.”

29. Employee Retention
Definition: Efforts to keep valuable employees from leaving.
Example: “Employee retention programs reduce turnover.”

30. Job Rotation
Definition: Moving employees through different roles to develop various skills.
Example: “Job rotation broadens experience and reduces monotony.”

Compensation and Benefits

31. Total Compensation
Definition: The full value of an employee’s earnings, including salary, benefits, and perks.
Example: “Total compensation packages are crucial for attracting top talent.”

32. Base Salary
Definition: The fixed amount of money paid to an employee before bonuses or benefits.
Example: “The base salary for this role is competitive within the industry.”

33. Incentive Plan
Definition: A program that rewards employees based on performance.
Example: “Our incentive plan includes quarterly bonuses.”

34. Paid Time Off (PTO)
Definition: Leave that employees can use for vacation, illness, or personal matters.
Example: “The company offers 20 days of PTO per year.”

35. Fringe Benefits
Definition: Additional perks provided to employees, like gym memberships.
Example: “Fringe benefits contribute to employee satisfaction.”

36. Equity Compensation
Definition: Shares or stock options granted as part of compensation.
Example: “Equity compensation aligns employee interests with company goals.”

37. Bonus
Definition: Additional payment based on individual or company performance.
Example: “Annual bonuses are awarded for exceeding performance targets.”

38. Health Benefits
Definition: Medical, dental, and vision coverage offered to employees.
Example: “Our health benefits include comprehensive medical coverage.”

39. Retirement Plan
Definition: A savings plan for employees’ future financial security, like a 401(k).
Example: “The company matches contributions to the retirement plan.”

40. Flexible Spending Account (FSA)
Definition: A tax-advantaged account for healthcare and dependent care expenses.
Example: “An FSA can save employees money on eligible expenses.”

Employee Relations

41. Employee Engagement
Definition: The level of enthusiasm and connection employees feel toward their work.
Example: “Employee engagement initiatives help boost morale.”

42. Conflict Resolution
Definition: Addressing and resolving conflicts between employees.
Example: “Conflict resolution training can reduce workplace tension.”

43. Diversity and Inclusion
Definition: Policies and practices to ensure all employees feel valued and included.
Example: “Our diversity and inclusion programs promote a welcoming environment.”

44. Employee Recognition
Definition: Acknowledging and rewarding employees for their contributions.
Example: “Employee recognition boosts motivation and job satisfaction.”

45. Open-Door Policy
Definition: Encouraging open communication between employees and management.
Example: “Our open-door policy ensures employees feel heard.”

46. Exit Interview
Definition: A meeting with an employee leaving the company to gain feedback.
Example: “Exit interviews help us understand reasons for turnover.”

47. Employee Satisfaction
Definition: The contentment employees feel with their job and work environment.
Example: “Regular surveys gauge employee satisfaction.”

48. Work-Life Balance
Definition: Maintaining a healthy separation between work responsibilities and personal life.
Example: “We promote work-life balance with flexible schedules.”

49. Workplace Culture
Definition: The shared values, beliefs, and behaviors within a workplace.
Example: “Positive workplace culture can improve employee retention.”

50. Employee Morale
Definition: The overall mood and attitude of employees in the workplace.
Example: “High morale leads to increased productivity.”

Legal Compliance and Policies

51. Employment Law
Definition: Regulations governing employer-employee relationships.
Example: “HR ensures compliance with employment laws.”

52. Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA)
Definition: A legal contract preventing employees from sharing confidential information.
Example: “NDAs protect company secrets and client information.”

53. At-Will Employment
Definition: Employment that can be ended by either the employer or employee without cause.
Example: “At-will employment policies vary by state.”

54. Sexual Harassment Policy
Definition: Guidelines preventing and addressing sexual harassment at work.
Example: “Employees must review the sexual harassment policy annually.”

55. Code of Conduct
Definition: A set of guidelines governing employee behavior.
Example: “The code of conduct outlines expectations for professional behavior.”

56. Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Definition: U.S. law allowing employees to take unpaid, job-protected leave for family or medical reasons.
Example: “FMLA allows employees to take up to 12 weeks of leave.”

57. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
Definition: Ensures all employees have equal chances without discrimination.
Example: “Our company strictly adheres to EEO regulations.”

58. Whistleblower Protection
Definition: Laws protecting employees who report illegal or unethical practices.
Example: “Whistleblower protection prevents retaliation.”

59. Grievance Procedure
Definition: A process for employees to report and resolve complaints.
Example: “The grievance procedure is available to address workplace concerns.”

60. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
Definition: Standards and practices ensuring workplace safety.
Example: “OHS training is essential for reducing workplace injuries.”

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